Published : 2020-12-31

Tadeusz Klukowski: A Soldier of the Kraj Organisation

Łukasz Hasior



Abstract

The article discusses the figure of Tadeusz Klukowski, aka Krzysztof: a postwar activist of the illegal organisation called Kraj, sentenced to death and executed in 1952, the son of a nursing assistant whose name was Maria Kość and a director of the hospital in Szczebrzeszyn, an expert on the Zamość region, a memoirist, a doctor in the Home Army, and a witness at the Nuremberg trial of Zygmunt Klukowski, who had adopted Tadeusz when he was sixteen years old. In the years 1947-1948, Tadeusz Klukowski was a member of the Grey Fraternity scouts in Zamość, and later founded the Conspiratorial Scout Troops. After a few years, already in Warsaw, he joined the Kraj organisation led by Zenon Sobota-Tomaszewski, aka Jan. He took part in derailing a cargo train near Płochocin (1952), searches and requisitions in lawyers’ offices, disarming the militiaman Wacław Zapasiuk, and the unsuccessful attack on a militia checkpoint in Bródno, Warsaw. After the arrest of the liaison officer Krystyna Metzger, aka Maria, who was involved in the preparations for Kraj’s most famous action, i.e. the liquidation of the communist agitator of the Polish Radio, Stefan Martyka, the Polish security police (UB) arrested many conspirators. Sobota was killed during an UB raid. Tadeusz Klukowski was sentenced to death two times and was executed on 16 June, 1953. The author lists the judges of Military District Court in Warsaw and quotes excerpts from the justification of its verdict. The death sentences imposed on Kluowski’s friend Tadeusz Jerzy Kurzępa, aka Rysiek, and his fiancée, Anna Przyczynek, were not carried out. Prior to his execution, Zygmunt Klukowski was imprisoned for two years.

Keywords:

Tadeusz Klukowski, aka Krzysztof, Zygmunt Klukowski, Kraj organisation, death sentences on anti-communist underground activists, military district courts



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Hasior, Ł. (2020). Tadeusz Klukowski: A Soldier of the Kraj Organisation . The Archivist of Zamość, 18, 169–181. https://doi.org/10.56583/az.827

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Wydawnictwo Akademii Zamojskiej
ul. Pereca 2, 22-400 Zamość
tel.: +48 84/638 34 44;
tel. kom. +48/ 790 331 087
fax: +48 84/ 638 35 00
University
Akademia Zamojska
ul. Pereca 2, 22-400 Zamość
tel. 84 638 34 44
fax 84 638 35 00
e-mail: rektorat@akademiazamojska.edu.pl
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