Innovation of economy is considered as key to its development. More and more frequent are the studies whose authors try to determine the main determinants of this innovation. In this article, the potential of knowledge intensive-based sectors (KIS ) is also used in addition to the most commonly used: R&D personnel, researchers, gross expenditures on R&D (GERD ) and human resources on science and technology (HRST ). This potential, measured by employment in this sector, is strongly linked — as proven in the studies — to patent activity as a innovation measure. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between KIS and patent activity against other factors. The study included data at NUTS 1 and NUTS 2 levels. Data for 28 European Union countries and disaggregated 265 regions from 1999 to 2013 were used. Data — from Eurostat — have been subjected to statistical analysis using correlation, concentration, spatial location. Patent activity was used as a measure of innovation activity. The results have confirmed the key importance of human resources in knowledge-based sectors for increasing patent activity in the high technology sector.
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