Język Polski
English
Zamosc Under Austrian Occupation, 1772-1809
Zbigniew Stankiewicz
Abstract
The article discusses the nearly 40-year-long Austrian occupation of Zamość, which began after the First Partition of Poland. The Zamość Fortress was handed over to the Austrians in July 1772. The article discusses the composition of the new command of the New Zamość Fortress, including the names of the commanders of various ranks as well as the changing personnel of the Austrian garrison. The author believes that after the Third Partition the fortress ceased to be of military importance. The Zamoyski family entail was released from the obligation to maintain the fortifications, and they were not financed by the occupants, either, except fot the opening of the bricked-up Lublin Gate. In the occupied town there was a food warehouse, a military hospital, a military court, and a recruitment point. The author discusses the functioning of civil authorities in Zamość, which was annexed to the Ruthenian Voivodship and later to Belz Oblast, the measurement units introduced by the Austrians, the monetary system, customs offices and their subordinate offices, tobacco and snuff trade, which was monopolised in 1778, salt trade, the organisation of the post office, education, police, civil and criminal courts, health service and hospitals, and fire brigades. Separate chapters are devoted to the situation of the Jews, Germans and the Zamoyski family entail, for which an economic council was established in 1772. The names of the mayors, councillors, and other officials of the period are given as well. Finally, the author discusses the 1809 war, including the successful storming of Zamość by Polish troops and their occupation of the town, which was soon incorporated into the Duchy of Warsaw.
Keywords:
Austrian occupation, Zamość Fortress, Zamoyski family entail, Economic Council, Belz Oblast, siege of Zamość in 1809Most read articles by the same author(s)
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