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Activities of Guardianship Councils in the Kingdom of Poland as a Manifestation of Responsibility for Another Person in the Nineteenth Century
Abstract
Various environments have provided care for those in need of help for centuries. The desire to help often stemmed from religious motives but also from the need of the heart. For many centuries, the Church has played a dominant role in organising care. During the Enlightenment, social protection began to be understood as a social duty of the state towards its citizens. From the nineteenth century, the burden of the organisation of care was taken over by the secular factor, involving more and more social circles in philanthropic activities. The first secular organisation operating in the field of social care and health protection, covering the entire Kingdom of Poland, was the Central Welfare Council established in 1832. It supervised councils established at hospitals and care institutions, consisting of people known in the local environment from philanthropic activities. The task of specific councils was not only to organise care for those in need but also to shape pro-social attitudes and unite the local community for the common good. In this way, a model of a citizen-social worker was developed, for whom the good of others was often identified with the good of the entire nation, which was very important during the partitions of Poland.
Keywords:
guardianship councils, Kingdom of Poland, philanthropyDetails
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