Published : 2026-10-16

Jean Marc Gaspard Itard – Life, Work, and Contribution to the Development of Special Education in the Context of „The Wild Boy of Aveyron”

Abstract

The case of Victor of Aveyron, known as the “wild boy,” is one of the most significant moments in the history of special education. Jean Marc Gaspard Itard – a young doctor and teacher – conducted an intensive five-year educational program for the boy found in the forests of France. Although Victor was never fully socialized, Itard’s efforts laid the foundation for modern methods of working with individuals with profound developmental disorders. Itard opposed the prejudices of his time, firmly believing in every person’s potential to learn. Although Victor never learned to speak and remained withdrawn throughout his life, working with him was groundbreaking – Itard defined five educational aims, focusing on social integration, speech development, and cognitive growth. This story marked the beginning of a new approach to people with disabilities, and Victor’s case became a symbolic expression of social inclusion. His work had a lasting impact on future researchers and teachers to the evolution of special education.

Keywords:

Jean Marc Gaspard Itard, wild boy, biography, special education



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Więckiewicz-Modrzewska, J., & Chrypankowski, F. (2026). Jean Marc Gaspard Itard – Life, Work, and Contribution to the Development of Special Education in the Context of „The Wild Boy of Aveyron”. Biografistyka Pedagogiczna [Biographical Studies in Education], 11(1), 225–243. https://doi.org/10.36578/bp.2026.11.07

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"Biografistyka Pedagogiczna" received funding for the years 2022-2024 from the funds of the Minister of Education and Science under the programme „Rozwój Czasopism Naukowych”.

Project duration: 2023-2024.

The amount of co-financing is 65 992,00 PLN

Contract number: RCN/SP/0434/2021/1